Can not say for sure have not tried it that way, but if I did I would wait a couple of days before introducing her to them. This will give time for an abundance of worker bees to accumulate in the catch hive, loose the scent of their original queen and realize they are indeed queenless.
Now that I have written this and reread it, I am just wondering what would it take to lure them into the bait hive. The returning foragers would not just head for the bait hive, upon returning they will land at the base of the cone and can still "smell" their queens pheromones. Old drawn comb would be my choice along with a little lemongrass oil.
Do you know of another keep close by that would sell, loan or give you a frame of brood? Local bee club? Swarm?
Give it a try and see what happens, would like to know the results.