When you checked to see if the queen had been released, were they drawing comb? I'm guessing bees from outside the cage were attending to her. I would give her at the very least four or five days, maybe even a week, then look for eggs. Give her a chance to get it going again after being caged up for a week or more.
As far as your existing colony, I don't know what your plans for it are, but I would confirm eggs or larvae present, evaluate what needs to be done, then get back out. Give her a chance to do her stuff. If it has been cool, with no nectar flow, they often don't get right into gear. I would give them some syrup, and a couple days, then inspect for eggs and or larvae. Decide what to do from there.