I’ll throw out a couple of points:
Black Pro: You can see eggs MUCH better than with white. Very good for brood chamber.
Black Con: Don’t set them in the sun for long or they quickly warp.
White Pro: You can see the color or your honey better.
White Con: You can’t see any eggs the queen might be laying in the supers.
I have both, not really by choice. I would have preferred all black. In my hives, the bees have shown no preference to one color vs the other. It is dark inside the hive and hence they probably all appear black to the bees!
If you are going to treat your bees with chemicals, it can be useful to have blacks and whites so you can delineate which frames have been treated and belong in the brood chamber.