i've seen candy canes used in a hive once (presumably for the sugar and the aromatic oils for "mite treatment". this particular hive had wax moths, afb, efb, chalkbrood, and shb.
the candy canes did not cause these problems, but they are indicative of the same level of care that leads to all these other problems. the beekeeper was smart enough to move these hives away from his other colonies (in a "hospital yard"), but oblivious enough to place them near other people's hives (including our own).
deknow